Medical Toxicology

Environmental Toxicology study help in distinguishing various toxicants, chemicals and harmful substances or organisms that effect population and the ecosystem. These studies analyses the causes, extent and severity of the toxicants in the environment and measures to be taken to eradicate the severity.

Industrial Toxicology deals with the safety information on a given product its level of exposure of harmful chemicals and their effect on the ecosystem, this include the risk assessment studies, safety evaluation studies of the products. These studies are meant for the safety of the employees and the ecosystem. Several companies have their own laboratories and make regulatory studies of the drugs that are manufactured.

Plant toxins are the defensive mechanism shown by plant that can severely damage or kill herbivores or microbes. These plant toxins are the chemical substances with molecular mode of action of neurotoxins, phytochemicals, and phycotoxins likewise… which show their action in mucosal tissue damage. These compounds are extracted and developed as pesticides or insecticides against rodents and insects.

Phorbol esters‎

Phycotoxins‎

Plant toxin insecticides‎

Plant toxins‎

Phytochemicals

Complete analysis that follows detection, identification, measurement of the foreign compound in biological specimens comes under analytical chemistry. These studies deal with the diagnosis, Forensic analysis, Therapeutic Drug monitoring for the drugs. These involve analysis of pharmacokinetic or toxicokinetic properties and efficacy of the chemical compounds.

Xenobiotics

Drugs of abuse

Natural toxins

Clinical analytical toxicology

Analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms

Pesticides

Food Toxicology is that the study of the character, properties, affects and detection of unhealthful substances in food and their malady manifestation in humans. Radioactive components, serious metals, or the packing materials employed in food process area unit samples of such substances.

Food and biological process toxicologists take care of toxicants in food, the health effects of high nutrient intakes, and therefore the interactions between toxicants and nutrients.

Nutritional Toxicology

Food Toxins

Food microbiology

Natural toxins

Heavy metals

Bio toxins

Aquatic toxicology is that the studies of the consequence of fabricate chemicals and other anthropogenic and natural materials and activities on aquatic organisms at different levels of organization, from subcellular between individual organisms to communities and ecosystems. This aquatic toxicology may be a multidisciplinary field which integrates toxicology, aquatic chemistry and aquatic ecology.

This field of study includes marine water, freshwater and sediment environments. Common tests include standardized acute and chronic toxicity. Acute test is lasting for 24–96 hours and chronic test is lasting for 7 days or more. These tests measure endpoints like growth, reproduction, survival, that are measured at each concentration during a gradient, alongside an impact test.

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Toxic Substance

Toxicity testing

Drug residue

Forensic Toxicology is branch of forensic sciences which aid medical or investigation of death, poisoning and drug use. Steps of toxicological analysis include collection of various kinds of samples. The toxicologists must take care about the context of investigation, in particular any physical or identical symptoms recorded and narrow search like pill bottles, powder, trace residue etc... Toxicologists use different analytical techniques to determine the toxic substance present, concentrations and their effects on the victim.

Forensic Science

Forensic Linguistics

Forensic chemistry

Clinical Toxicology is a science of medicine in humans and their best clinical use in patients. It's underpinned by the essential science of pharmacology; with one more target the applying of medical specialty principles and quantitative strategies within the real human patient's population. It's a broad scope, from the invention of recent target molecules to the consequences of drug usage in whole populations.

Adverse Drug Reaction

Drug Interactions

Drug Safety Regulation

Drug Therapy

Safety Evaluation Studies